氫氧化鉀工業(yè)品主要有兩種形態(tài)，分別為固態(tài)以及也太，其中固態(tài)為白色或淺灰色片、塊棒狀，液體氫氧化鉀為淡黃色液體。氫氧化鉀具備較強的強堿性及腐蝕性，極易和空氣中的水分而潮解，吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸鉀，當(dāng)前氫氧化鉀主要被用來合成碳酸鉀、高錳酸鉀等，主要應(yīng)用在化工、食品、醫(yī)藥、農(nóng)業(yè)等多個領(lǐng)域。
There are two main forms of potassium hydroxide industrial products, namely, solid and also too, in which the solid is white or light gray flakes, blocks and rods, and the liquid potassium hydroxide is light yellow liquid. Potassium hydroxide has strong alkalinity and corrosivity. It is easy to deliquesce with water in the air and absorb carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. At present, potassium hydroxide is mainly used to synthesize potassium carbonate and potassium permanganate, which are mainly used in chemical industry, food, medicine, agriculture and other fields.
氫氧化鉀可被分為食品級以及工業(yè)級兩種，其中工業(yè)級99%氫氧化鉀主要應(yīng)用在皮革、造紙、印染、污水處理等各個領(lǐng)域；食品級氫氧化鉀則主要用于醫(yī)藥中間體、各種鉀鹽、食品添加劑配料、食品加工容器清洗、等領(lǐng)域。
Potassium hydroxide can be divided into food grade and industrial grade. Among them, 99% industrial grade potassium hydroxide is mainly used in leather, papermaking, printing and dyeing, sewage treatment and other fields; Food grade potassium hydroxide is mainly used in pharmaceutical intermediates, various potassium salts, food additive ingredients, food processing container cleaning, disinfection and other fields.
根據(jù)新思界產(chǎn)業(yè)研究中心發(fā)布的《2020年氫氧化鉀行業(yè)細分市場深度市場調(diào)研報告》顯示，從生產(chǎn)方面來看，海外約有30多家企業(yè)，主要分布在北美、南美、歐洲、亞洲，其中較為大型的企業(yè)主要集中在美國。OxyChem是全球的氫氧化鉀生產(chǎn)企業(yè)之一，年產(chǎn)能約為32萬噸/年，占據(jù)全球總產(chǎn)能的13%左右。就市場供需方面，近幾年我國氫氧化鉀行業(yè)基本保持供需平衡，行業(yè)內(nèi)新增項目較少，產(chǎn)量較低，下游需求整體趨于穩(wěn)定，行業(yè)未來平穩(wěn)發(fā)展。
According to the in-depth Market Research Report on the market segmentation of potassium hydroxide industry in 2020 released by xinsijie Industrial Research Center, from the perspective of production, there are about 30 overseas enterprises, mainly distributed in North America, South America, Europe and Asia, of which the larger enterprises are mainly concentrated in the United States. Oxychem is one of the world's largest producers of potassium hydroxide, with an annual production capacity of about 320000 tons / year, accounting for about 13% of the world's total production capacity. In terms of market supply and demand, China's potassium hydroxide industry has basically maintained a balance between supply and demand in recent years. There are few new projects in the industry, the output is low, the overall downstream demand tends to be stable, and the industry will develop steadily in the future.
我國氫氧化鉀生產(chǎn)企業(yè)眾多，主要集中在西北、華東、華北和西南四大區(qū)，其中產(chǎn)能在5萬噸/年以上的企業(yè)主要有青海鹽湖工業(yè)股份有限公司、優(yōu)利德（江蘇）化工有限公司、內(nèi)蒙古瑞達泰豐化工有限責(zé)任公司、江蘇奧喜?；び邢薰?、四川金路集團股份有限公司、成都華融化工有限公司、湖北興瑞化工有限公司、山東昌邑海能化學(xué)有限責(zé)任公司、三孚股份、新鄉(xiāng)神馬正華化工有限公司等。
There are many potassium hydroxide production enterprises in China, mainly concentrated in the northwest, East China, North China and southwest regions. Among them, the enterprises with a production capacity of more than 50000 tons / year mainly include Qinghai Salt Lake Industry Co., Ltd., youlide (Jiangsu) Chemical Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Ruida Taifeng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Jiangsu aoxi'ai Chemical Co., Ltd Sichuan Jinlu Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu Huarong Chemical Co., Ltd., Hubei Xingrui Chemical Co., Ltd., Shandong Changyi Haineng Chemical Co., Ltd., Sanfu Co., Ltd., Xinxiang Shenma Zhenghua Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.
氯化鉀是氫氧化鉀主要生產(chǎn)原料，但我國氯化鉀產(chǎn)能有限，基本依賴進口，而代理進口將增加生產(chǎn)成本，因此我國氫氧化鉀不具備優(yōu)勢。受疫情影響，我國氫氧化鉀產(chǎn)業(yè)較為低迷，為促進氫氧化鉀行業(yè)發(fā)展，2020年商務(wù)部制定了《氫氧化鉀生產(chǎn)企業(yè)申請氯化鉀非國營貿(mào)易進口資格條件和申報程序》，規(guī)定采用離子膜法電解工藝，單線產(chǎn)能不低于5萬噸/氫氧化鉀生產(chǎn)能力的企業(yè)能夠進行申請氯化鉀貿(mào)易。
Potassium chloride is the main raw material for the production of potassium hydroxide, but the production capacity of potassium chloride in China is limited and basically depends on import, and the agent import will increase the production cost, so China's potassium hydroxide does not have a price advantage. Affected by the epidemic, China's potassium hydroxide industry is relatively sluggish. In order to promote the development of potassium hydroxide industry, the Ministry of Commerce formulated the conditions and application procedures for potassium hydroxide production enterprises to apply for the import qualification of potassium chloride in non-state trade in 2020, which stipulates the use of ion-exchange membrane electrolysis process, Enterprises with a single line capacity of not less than 50000 tons / potassium hydroxide production capacity can apply for potassium chloride trade.
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