氫氧化鉀具有堿的通性，易溶于水，有強(qiáng)烈腐蝕性。溶于水放出大量熱。并且由于氫氧化物對(duì)碳水化合物的分解作用，而使其相對(duì)于酸腐蝕的危險(xiǎn)更加嚴(yán)重。那么使用氫氧化鉀有哪些措施呢？

Potassium hydroxide has the general property of alkali, is easily soluble in water, and has strong corrosivity. Dissolve in water and release a lot of heat. Moreover, due to the decomposition of carbohydrates by hydroxides, the risk of acid corrosion is more serious. What are the safety measures for using potassium hydroxide?

經(jīng)氫氧化鉀腐蝕的皮膚，通常呈現(xiàn)深度灼傷，且難以愈合，一旦眼睛或皮膚接觸到氫氧化鉀，應(yīng)迅速將受傷部位以水不斷沖洗15分鐘以上，并立即就醫(yī)；口服會(huì)灼傷消化道，可致命。因此，使用氫氧化鉀時(shí)，好能佩帶防毒口罩，戴化學(xué)防護(hù)眼鏡，穿工作服（防腐材料制作）。戴橡皮手套（合成橡膠）。工作后，淋浴更衣。注意個(gè)人清潔衛(wèi)生。

The skin corroded by potassium hydroxide usually shows deep burns and is difficult to heal. Once the eyes or skin contact with potassium hydroxide, the injured part should be rapidly washed with water for more than 15 minutes, and medical attention should be sought immediately; Oral administration can burn the digestive tract, which can be fatal. Therefore, when using potassium hydroxide, it is good to wear a gas mask, chemical safety goggles and work clothes (made of anti-corrosion materials). Wear rubber gloves (synthetic rubber). After work, take a shower and change clothes. Pay attention to personal hygiene.

如果我們?cè)谑褂脮r(shí)不小心發(fā)生接觸，要迅速進(jìn)行自救應(yīng)對(duì)：工作時(shí)應(yīng)防止觸及皮膚和眼睛，如不慎觸及時(shí)，可用流水洗滌受損部位，然后濕敷5%的醋酸、酒石酸、鹽酸或檸檬酸溶液；如濺人眼內(nèi)，應(yīng)用流水或生理鹽水仔細(xì)緩慢洗滌10～30min，然后點(diǎn)入2%的奴佛卡因或0.5%的地卡因溶液。操作時(shí)應(yīng)穿由結(jié)實(shí)布制作的工作服，戴橡皮手套、袖套、圍裙，穿膠鞋等勞保用品，手上宜涂敷中性和疏水軟膏。

If we accidentally come into contact when using, we should quickly carry out self rescue response: prevent touching the skin and eyes when working. If we accidentally touch in time, wash the damaged part with running water, and then wet apply 5% acetic acid, tartaric acid, hydrochloric acid or citric acid solution; If it splashes into the eyes, wash it carefully and slowly with running water or normal saline for 10~30min, and then add 2% novocaine or 0.5% dicaine solution. During operation, workers should wear work clothes made of solid cloth, rubber gloves, sleeves, aprons, rubber shoes and other labor protection appliances, and neutral and hydrophobic ointment should be applied on hands.

毒性：長(zhǎng)期吸入少量會(huì)造成肺損害，其急性毒性為L(zhǎng)D50273mg/kg（大鼠經(jīng)口）。所以一定要避免長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的從事氫氧化鉀相關(guān)工作，注意佩戴相應(yīng)防具，盡量避免食入。如果不小心食入，要立即用水漱口，并用飲牛奶或蛋清，嚴(yán)重者立即就醫(yī)。

Toxicity: Long term inhalation of a small amount will cause lung damage, and its acute toxicity is LD50273mg/kg (rat oral). Therefore, it is necessary to avoid engaging in potassium hydroxide related work for a long time, pay attention to wearing corresponding protective equipment, and try to avoid ingestion. If you accidentally ingest it, rinse your mouth with water immediately, and drink milk or egg white. If it is serious, seek medical advice immediately.

由于氫氧化鉀還會(huì)污染水體，具有爆炸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，在不慎發(fā)生泄露事故時(shí)要立即隔離泄漏污染區(qū)，限制出入。建議應(yīng)急處理人員戴防塵面具，穿防酸堿工作服。不要直接接觸泄漏物。

As potassium hydroxide can also pollute water bodies and has explosion risk, in case of accidental leakage accident, immediately isolate the leakage pollution area and restrict access. It is recommended that emergency treatment personnel wear dust masks and acid and alkali proof work clothes. Do not touch the leakage directly.

小量泄漏：用潔凈的鏟子收集于干燥、潔凈、有蓋的容器中。也可以用大量水沖洗，洗水稀釋后放入廢水系統(tǒng)。

Small amount of leakage: collect it in a dry, clean and covered container with a clean shovel. A large amount of water can also be used for flushing, and the diluted washing water will be put into the wastewater system.

大量泄漏：收集回收或運(yùn)廢物處理場(chǎng)所處置。

Large amount of leakage: collect and recycle or transport to waste disposal site for disposal.

使用氫氧化鉀有哪些措施？以上就是問(wèn)題的相關(guān)解答內(nèi)容了，當(dāng)然您有什么其他方面的問(wèn)題可以隨時(shí)來(lái)我們網(wǎng)站http://www.jsyjs.net咨詢了解！

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