氫氧化鈉又名燒堿，氫氧化鉀又名苛性堿，從這二者的別稱我們可以明顯得出這是都屬于強(qiáng)堿性物質(zhì)，具有很強(qiáng)的堿性和腐蝕，我們的皮膚在不小心與之發(fā)生接觸時(shí)容易引發(fā)燒傷。而燒傷是一種很嚴(yán)重的傷病，特別是由于近代工業(yè)的發(fā)展，堿的應(yīng)用得以推廣，臨床上堿燒傷是常見的一種燒傷。

Sodium hydroxide is also known as caustic soda, and potassium hydroxide is also known as caustic soda. From their nicknames, we can clearly draw a conclusion that both are strongly alkaline substances, which have strong alkalinity and corrosion. Our skin is prone to burns when accidentally contacted with them. Burn is a very serious injury, especially due to the development of modern industry, the application of alkali has been promoted, and alkali burn is a common type of burn in clinical practice.

氫氧化鈉和氫氧化鉀的燒傷屬于堿燒傷，其原理是因?yàn)閴A對(duì)組織的吸水作用，使局部細(xì)胞發(fā)生脫水現(xiàn)象，堿離子與組織蛋白形成堿變性蛋白復(fù)合物，且此復(fù)合物可溶性較強(qiáng)，能使堿離子進(jìn)一步穿透深部組織，如果我們不當(dāng)，還會(huì)繼續(xù)造成深部組織的傷害，使創(chuàng)面加深。

Burns caused by sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide belong to alkali burns. The principle is that the water absorption effect of alkali on tissues causes dehydration of local cells. The alkali ions and tissue proteins form an alkali denatured protein complex, and this complex is highly soluble, which can further penetrate the alkali ions into deep tissues. If we treat improperly, it will continue to cause damage to deep tissues and deepen the wound surface.

氫氧化鈉和氫氧化鉀燒傷引發(fā)的癥狀為：創(chuàng)面呈黏滑或肥皂樣變化，痂皮較軟，有進(jìn)行性加深的趨勢(shì)，深度常在深Ⅱ度以上，疼痛劇烈、創(chuàng)面感染易并發(fā)創(chuàng)面膿毒癥。

The symptoms caused by sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide burns are: the wound surface presents sticky or soapy changes, the scab is relatively soft, and there is a trend of progressive deepening. The depth is often above the second degree deep, with severe pain, and wound infection prone to complications of wound sepsis.

當(dāng)我不小心發(fā)生堿接觸時(shí)要積極自救，使用大量的清水對(duì)傷口進(jìn)行清洗30分鐘以上，注意水的流量要足夠大，一方面可以保證不會(huì)有殘留物，另一方面也可減輕燒傷的痛感。也可使用一些醋酸或果酸溶液清洗。

When I accidentally come into alkali contact, I should actively help myself by using a large amount of clean water to wash the wound for more than 30 minutes. Note that the flow of water should be large enough to ensure that there is no residue on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can also reduce the pain of burns. Some acetic acid or fruit acid solution can also be used for cleaning.

發(fā)生燒傷后進(jìn)行積極自救，如情況非常嚴(yán)重則要馬上就醫(yī)。因?yàn)闊齻麜r(shí)的初期自救對(duì)后續(xù)的影響很大，這關(guān)系到傷口是否會(huì)感染擴(kuò)大。所以從事與氫氧化鈉和氫氧化鉀這種強(qiáng)堿性物質(zhì)相關(guān)的工作，一定要懂得自救的處理方法。還有什么問題就來我們網(wǎng)站http://www.jsyjs.net咨詢吧！

After burns occur, actively rescue yourself, and if the situation is very serious, seek medical attention immediately. Because initial self rescue during burns has a significant impact on subsequent treatment, it is related to whether the wound will expand in infection. Therefore, when engaging in work related to strong alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, it is necessary to understand the treatment methods for self rescue. If you have any further questions, please come to our website http://www.jsyjs.net Consult!