近來(lái)有人問(wèn)到，“一定濃度的堿性乙醇/甲醇怎么配制？一定濃度的氫氧化鉀乙醇/甲醇溶液怎么配制？乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液怎么配制？”其實(shí)，幾個(gè)問(wèn)題其實(shí)歸結(jié)起來(lái)也就是一個(gè)問(wèn)題“一定濃度乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液怎么配制？”，弄清這點(diǎn)之后，類似堿醇溶液的配制方法便可輕松搞定。

Recently, someone has asked, "How to prepare a certain concentration of alkaline ethanol/methanol? How to prepare a certain concentration of potassium hydroxide ethanol/methanol solution? How to prepare a potassium hydroxide titration solution from ethanol?" In fact, several questions actually boil down to one question, "How to prepare a certain concentration of potassium hydroxide titration solution from ethanol?" After understanding this, a preparation method similar to alkaline alcohol solution can be easily solved.

現(xiàn)將乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.5mol/L或0.lmol/L)和甲醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.lmol/L)的配制和標(biāo)定方法分享給大家，如下：

The preparation and calibration methods for ethanol to potassium hydroxide titrant (0.5mol/L or 0.1mol/L) and methanol to potassium hydroxide titrant (0.1mol/L) are now shared with everyone, as follows:

（一）

(1)

乙醇制氫氧化鉀商定液(0.5mol/L或0.1mol/L)

Ethanol based potassium hydroxide solution (0.5mol/L or 0.1mol/L)

物料：

Material:

KOH分子量=56.11

KOH molecular weight=56.11

0.5mol/L:理論需要KOH28.06g,乙醇溶液標(biāo)定到1000mL

0.5mol/L: Theoretically, KOH28.06g is required, and the ethanol solution is calibrated to 1000mL

0.1mol/L:理論需要KOH5.6l1g，乙醇溶液標(biāo)定到1000mL

0.1mol/L: Theoretical requirement: KOH5.6l1g, calibrated to 1000mL with ethanol solution

配制：

Preparation:

乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.5mol/L):

Ethanol based potassium hydroxide titration solution (0.5mol/L):

取氫氧化鉀35g;置錐形瓶中，加無(wú)醛乙醇適里使溶解并稀釋1000mL,用橡皮塞密塞，靜置24小時(shí)后，迅速傾取上清液，置具橡皮塞的棕色玻瓶中。

Take 35g of potassium hydroxide; Place in a conical flask, dissolve and dilute 1000mL with aldehyde-free ethanol, stopper with a rubber stopper, and let stand for 24 hours. Quickly pour out the supernatant and place it in a brown glass bottle with a rubber stopper.

乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.lmol/L):

Ethanol based potassium hydroxide titration solution (0. lmol/L):

取氫氧化鉀7g，置錐形瓶中，加無(wú)醛乙醇適里使溶解并稀釋成1000ml,用橡皮塞密塞，靜置24小時(shí)后，迅速傾取上清液，置具橡皮塞的棕色玻瓶中。

Take 7g of potassium hydroxide and place it in a conical flask. Dissolve it in aldehyde-free ethanol and dilute it to 1000ml. Close it with a rubber stopper and let it stand for 24 hours. Quickly pour out the supernatant and place it in a brown glass bottle with a rubber stopper.

標(biāo)定:

Calibration:

乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.5molL):

Ethanol based potassium hydroxide titration solution (0.5molL):

乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.5molL)精密量取鹽酸滴定液(0.5mol/L)25ml，加水50ml稀釋后，加酚酞指示液數(shù)滴，用本液滴定。根據(jù)本液的消耗里，算出本液的濃度，即得。

Ethanol based potassium hydroxide titration solution (0.5molL): Accurately measure 25ml of hydrochloric acid titration solution (0.5mol/L), dilute with 50ml of water, add a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution, and titrate with this solution. Calculate the concentration of this solution based on its consumption.

乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.lmolL):

Ethanol based potassium hydroxide titration solution (0. lmolL):

乙酵制氫氧化鉀滴定(0lmolL)精密量取鹽酸滴定液(0.lhmol/L)25ml;加水50ml稀釋后，加酚酞指示液數(shù)滴，用本液滴定。根據(jù)本液的消耗量，算出本液的濃度，即得。

Titration of potassium hydroxide produced by ethylene fermentation (0lmol/L): Accurately measure 25ml of hydrochloric acid titration solution (0lmol/L); Dilute with 50ml of water, add a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution, and titrate with this solution. Calculate the concentration of this solution based on its consumption.

貯藏：

Storage:

置具橡皮塞的棕色玻瓶中，密閉保存。

Place in a brown glass bottle with a rubber stopper and store tightly.

（二）

(II)

甲醇制氫氧化鉀商定液(0.moLL)

Methanol to potassium hydroxide agreed solution (0. molL)

物料：

Material:

KOH分子量=56.11

KOH molecular weight=56.11

0.1molL:理論需要KOH5.6llg，乙醇溶液標(biāo)定到1000mL

0.1molL: Theoretically, KOH5.6llg is required, and the ethanol solution is calibrated to 1000mL

配制：

Preparation:

取氫氧化鉀6.8g,加水4ml使溶解，加甲醇稀釋成1000mL皮塞的棕色玻用橡皮塞密塞，靜置24小時(shí)后，迅速傾取上清液，置具橡皮塞的棕色玻瓶中。

Take 6.8g of potassium hydroxide and dissolve it in 4ml of water. Dilute with methanol to 1000mL of brown glass stoppered with a rubber stopper. After standing for 24 hours, quickly pour out the supernatant and place it in a brown glass bottle with a rubber stopper.

標(biāo)定:

Calibration:

同乙醇制氫氧化鉀滴定液(0.5molL)的標(biāo)定(通則8006)。

Calibration of potassium hydroxide titration solution (0.5molL) prepared from ethanol (General Rule 8006).

貯藏：

Storage:

置具橡皮塞的棕色玻瓶中，密閉保存。

Place in a brown glass bottle with a rubber stopper and store tightly.

從上表描述的配制過(guò)程來(lái)看，配制過(guò)程中，取用的氫氧化鉀量較理論量略大，之所以這樣做，是因?yàn)闅溲趸洷旧碓谝掖贾械娜芙舛群艽?，但是氫氧化鉀在空氣中?huì)吸收二氧化碳，而且氫氧化鉀吸水能力也很強(qiáng)，再者配制好的堿醇溶液同樣會(huì)吸收空氣和溶液中的二氧化碳而消耗溶液中的堿。

From the preparation process described in the above table, it can be seen that the amount of potassium hydroxide used during the preparation process is slightly larger than the theoretical amount. The reason for doing so is because potassium hydroxide itself has a high solubility in ethanol. However, potassium hydroxide will absorb carbon dioxide in the air, and its water absorption ability is also strong. Additionally, the prepared alkali alcohol solution will also absorb carbon dioxide in the air and solution, consuming the alkali in the solution.

基于以上考慮，配制過(guò)程中應(yīng)多稱一些氫氧化鉀才能達(dá)到需要的堿濃度，但是很難定向配制到具體的濃度，所以配制的堿醇溶液臨用前應(yīng)標(biāo)定濃度，然后通過(guò)換算得到具體的堿濃度。更多相關(guān)事項(xiàng)就來(lái)我們網(wǎng)站http://www.jsyjs.net咨詢！

Based on the above considerations, it is necessary to weigh more potassium hydroxide during the preparation process to achieve the required alkali concentration. However, it is difficult to directly prepare to a specific concentration. Therefore, the concentration of the prepared alkali alcohol solution should be calibrated before use, and then the specific alkali concentration should be obtained through conversion. For more related matters, come to our website http://www.jsyjs.net consulting service